PIEDMONT COLLEGE
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION

Mastering the art of teaching: Preparing proactive educators to improve the lives of children

I. COURSE INFORMATION:

EDUC 400.1: EDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENT

Prerequisites:None
Credit:Three hours
Period:17

II.INSTRUCTOR INFORMATION:

Name:Dr. Charles Lucado

Office Location:L-124, Demorest Campus

Phone Numbers:(706) 778-3000 X1231 (Office)

(706) 754-1251 (Home)

E-mail:clucado@piedmont.edu

Fax Number:(706) 776-9608

Office Hours:Mon., Tues., and Wed. 3:30 - 5:00 p.m.

Thurs.3:30 - 4:30 p.m. 

Others by appointment

III.TIME AND PLACE

DEMOREST CAMPUS, FALL SEMESTER, AUGUST 17 - OCTOBER 14, 2000

Time:5:50 p.m. - 10:10 p.m., Thursday 

Place:L - 130

IV.TEXT AND SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS:

Linn, R. L. & Gronlund, N. E. (2000).Measurement and assessment in teaching (8th ed.).Upper 

Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Linn, R. L., & Gronlund, N. E. (2000).Measurement and assessment in teaching: Student exercise 

manual (8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

American Psychological Association.(1994).Publication manual of the American 

Psychological Association (4th ed.).Washington, D. C.:Author.

Supplemental readings will be required as needed throughout the course.These readings will include research and professional documents and personal reading.Also, copying some materials to share with the class may be required.

V. PIEDMONT MISSION:

Piedmont College Mission:

Inspired by the liberal arts tradition and a historical association with the Congregational Christian Churches, Piedmont College cultivates a diverse, challenging and caring intellectual environment to encourage academic success and spiritual development.

To accomplish this mission, the college offers a number of major fields of study that are informed by the liberal arts, including specialized professional programs and selected graduate programs.Instructional opportunities are also provided at distant locations to meet student needs.

School of Education Mission:

The theme of the School of Education is ÒMastering the art of teaching: Preparing proactive educators to improve the lives of children.ÓThe School of Education strives to prepare reflective, scholarly, proactive educators.These practitioners effectively educate their own students to become knowledgeable, inquisitive, and collaborative learners in diverse, democratic learning communities.

Specific ideals under-gird our conceptual framework.We advocate the democratic ideals of: equal rights and opportunities; individual freedom and responsibility; responsibility for the greater good; respect for diversity; openness to possibilities; and open, informed discourse.

We endorse the following processes as a means of striving for our democratic ideals: engaging in participatory decision-making; collaborating in teaching and learning; collecting information from all constituencies; examining options andprojecting consequences; nurturing open discourse; providing for field experiences; assessing processes as well as products; modeling democratic ideals in the classroom; forming communities of learners; andconstantly revising the curriculum to reflect new insights and understandings.Further, we endorse the development of a sense of personal integrity and of strong habits of mind (e.g., reflectiveness,persistence, clarity, accuracy, and responsiveness to feedback).

VI.COURSE DESCRIPTION AND PURPOSE:

The assessment of student performance is one of the most difficult and most important of all tasks performed by teachers and must be ongoing as well as proactive in nature.It begins with the identification of learning goals and subsequently involves diagnosis of student needs, provision for effective instruction with feedback, and use of assessment results to improve teaching as well as learning.

This course will provide candidates with the assessment tools necessary to enhance learning for diverse student populations.The course will address ways to assess higher order cognitive objectives and authentic tasks to improve instruction.Candidates will participate in activities that will enhance understanding of assessment task development, analysis, and interpretation of results.Documenting student performance and progress both for instructional and accountability purposes will be emphasized.Candidates will develop and use new assessment paradigms to enhance studentsÕ learning, communicate with parents and students, and create change regarding views toward assessment.Candidates will become familiar with quantitative and qualitative concepts and practices used to evaluate student learning in the classroom.They will learn how to communicate assessment results to their learners.Candidates will also explore established and developing technologies as well as computer software programs that are used to enhance the assessment process and record keeping. 

VII.SCHOOL OF EDUCATION OUTCOMES

Core Candidate Learning Outcomes:

The following outcomes, adapted from the 1994 INTASC standards (Interstate New Teacher Assessment and Support Consortium), are addressed in this course.

1)Learning Environment: The proactive teacher uses an understanding of individual and group motivation to create a caring learning environment that encourages positive social interaction, active engagement in learning, self regulation and collaboration.The teacher additionally fosters the ideals of a democratic classroom by treating students fairly and justly, providing intellectual challenge, and supporting students as they pursue knowledge and understanding.CO: 6, 8, & 15

2) Subject Matter: The scholarly teacher understands and can model the central concepts, tools of inquiry, and structures of the discipline(s) he or she teaches and can create learning experiences that make these aspects of subject matter meaningful for students. CO: ALL

3) Student Learning: The reflectiveteacher understands how students develop and learn and can provide well-managed learning opportunities that support studentsÕ intellectual, social, and personal growth. 

CO: 2, 6, 12, &15

4) Diversity: The teacher committed to the ideals of the democratic classroom understands that learners are the products of their innate talents/disabilities, preferred learning styles, and cultural experiences and can adapt instruction to meet diverse needs. CO:6, 8, 14, & 15

5) Instructional Strategies: The teacher understands and uses a variety of instructional strategies to proactively encourage the development of student critical thinking, problem solving, and performance skills. CO: 5, 6, & 11 

6) Assessment Strategies: The teacher understands and uses a variety of assessment strategies to encourage the continual intellectual, social, and personal growth of students to become knowledgeable, inquisitive learners. CO: ALL

7) Communication and Technology: The proactive teacher uses knowledge of effective verbal, non-verbal, and media communication techniques and technologies to foster active inquiry, collaboration, and supportive interaction in the classroom. CO: 2, 5, 12, 13, & 15

8) Planning Instruction: The reflective, scholarly, and knowledgeable teacher plans and manages instruction based upon knowledge of subject matter/pedagogy, students, the community, and curriculum goals. CO: 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 10, & 15

9) Reflection and Professional Development: The teacher is a reflective practitioner who continually evaluates the effects of her/his choices and actions upon others, and who proactively seeks opportunities for the continual development of a personal pedagogy. CO: 3, 5, 8, 13, & 15 

10) Collaboration and Relationships: The proactive teacher communicates and interacts through democratic processes with other educators, parents/families, and the community to support student learning and well being. CO: 4, 5, 7, 12, 13, & 15

VIII.COURSE OUTCOMES (CO):

Upon successful completion of this course, the candidate will be able to:

1.Appropriately use the language of assessment.

2.Identify several specific roles or purposes of educational assessment and the types of assessment appropriate for each.

3.Distinguish between criterion and norm referenced interpretations.

4.Properly interpret selected standardized test results.

5.Explain the role of measurement and assessment in the instructional process.

6.Construct valid and reliable classroom tests and assessments that measure a variety of learning outcomes, including authentic and performance-based assessments, for diverse student populations.

7.Explain the concepts of validity and reliability and their role in the construction, selection, interpretation, and use of tests and measurements.

8.Develop and manage his/her own assessment systems and instruments.

9.Administer, score and interpret tests and assessments properly and use their results effectively.

10.Clearly state instructional goals and objectives (including QCCÕs)in ways that facilitate construction of assessments and thereby matching assessment alternatives to goals/objectives in relation to his/her philosophy of teaching and his/her instructional strategies.

11.Assess literacy growth as part of on-going instruction.

12.Report assessment results in a manner that provides meaningful feedback for the learner, helping the learner develop metacognitive abilities and learn to assess his/her own learning.

13.Describe his/her philosophy regarding assessment and explain the principles guiding his/her future practice.

14.Recognize both the potentialities and limitations of the various tests and assessment procedures used in schools.

15.Demonstrate knowledge of current trends and issues in assessment, including ethical considerations.

IX.COURSE POLICIES:

1.Class Attendance & Participation

Attendance, timeliness, and participation are required and part of your grade.The School of Education policy states that more than the allotted number of excused absences for any reason will result in failure of the course.The allotted number of excused absences for this course is one.Only those absences due to emergencies will be excused.Please contact me prior to absence when possible.Work missed due to an excused absence may be made up.It is your responsibility to inform me in writing how you make up the work.Your writing should include a statement about why you were absent and a detailed, quality description of the process you undertook to make up the work as well as a comprehensive summary of the content that was covered in class.If work is not made up satisfactorily, the highest grade a candidate can receive for the course is a B.Any candidate who misses more than one class will be asked to drop the course or will receive an F at the end of the semester.Also understand that notes cannot easily duplicate many of the experiences of the course. 

Active participation means that you prepare for classes by reading the text and/or other assigned readings and that you take active part in discussions and activities conducted during class.

2.Written Work

Use APA style (4th ed.).All papers for the course are to be typed using size 12 print and one of the following fonts: Bookman, Times New Roman, Geneva, or similar font.Papers should be double-spaced, error-free, and grammatically correct (including punctuation, spelling, capitalization, etc.).Make good use of writing references such as dictionaries, writing handbooks, and computer spelling and grammar checks.Each paper should have a cover sheet with your name, course number and name, assignment, and date clearly typed on the front.For example, (double spaced and centered), Your name; EDUC 400: Educational Assessment; Teacher Interview; Date.

Quality is important!Work submitted should reflect your developing professionalism.Your writings and reflections will be assessed according to depth, breadth, clarity, and accuracy they convey.

Be sure to keep a duplicate copy of all submitted work for your own records.

3.Academic Integrity:

By accepting admission to Piedmont College, each student makes a commitment to understand, support, and abide by the "Academic Integrity Policy" without compromise or exception.This class will be conducted in strict observance of the policy.Refer to your Piedmont College Student Handbook for details.

All work submitted must be your original work created in and for this course.It should be referenced properly using APA (including information from the internet).Double dipping (to be discussed in class) is not permitted.

4.Special Considerations:

Piedmont College makes every effort to provide students with learning disabilities equal access to all academic programs.Reasonable and appropriate accommodations are coordinated through the Academic Support Office.Students are obligated to self-disclose and are responsible for providing accurate and current (not older than three years) documentation of their learning disability to the Director of Academic Support before receiving accommodations.Candidates with any special needs (disabilities, problems, or any other factors that may affect their performance or that require special instructional strategies) should make these special needs known to the professor/instructor during the first class session.

5.Assignments:Readings from the assigned texts will be the focus for discussions, writings, and group activities.Please read the assigned readings before coming to class in order to facilitate quality discussions.Think about how the readings relate/could relate to your classroom teaching experiences.Also keep in mind that you are responsible for the reading assignments even if we do not go over them in class.

All work for the course is to be in on time, or handed in on an agreed upon future date.Make-up tests will be considered if a reason for missing the original test is justified.Completion of all assignments is required for a passing grade in the course.If at any time you are unclear about assignments or expectations, please contact me for clarification.

Other assignments or activities may be required as deemed necessary to assure the mastery of the course objectives as stated.

X.COURSE OUTLINE AND STUDENT EXPECTATIONS

1.Instructional Methods

This class will operate as a democratic classroom.Candidates will engage in shared decision making and in taking responsibility for making the classroom the best it can be.Interactive discussions and problem solving will be emphasized where all ideas and contributions are explored and respected.Various approaches will be utilized by the candidates and professor including:lecture, demonstrations, observations, class discussions, small group discussions, cooperative group work, field observations, use of educational technology, student presentations, readings, reflective writings, listening, questioning, and formative and summative evaluations.

2.Description of Assignments

10% A. Reflective Journal: CO: ALL
Each candidate will be required to keep a reflective journal as a part of each class meeting.Entries should be made at the close of each class and during independent readings.The journals will be submitted/assessed weekly.More details will be provided at the first class meeting. 
10%B.Resource File: CO: ALL
Develop a professional resource file of ideas, games, bulletin boards, articles, and other activities that may be used for assessing students' learning, including technology (CD professional support materials, professional software assessment programs, web sites, etc.).Material may be gathered from journals, teacher magazines, class handouts, the internet, or may be original ideas.Select one favorite or unique idea to copy and share with class members at the last class meeting.

Using tabs or dividers, categorize and sub-divide the file.Be sure to reference all sources.

The file should include a variety of items and sources selected.You must have 15 distinctly different approaches to assessment.

15%C.Lesson Plans: CO: 1, 2, 5, 6, 10, & 15

Each candidate will develop a sequence of three lessons for a subject and grade of his/her choice that will emphasize Objectives and Evaluations.The lessons should be written in a brief outline form with clearly stated objectives (using, but not limited to QCCÕs) and attached evaluations that specifically that test/measure the outcomes of the objectives. Lesson activities may be stated very briefly, but objectives and evaluations must be thorough and specific.Details will be discussed in class.

20%D.Midterm and Final Examinations: CO: ALL

The midterm and final examinations will focus on the readings of the texts and information from lectures, class discussions, and class activities.Most likely, the examinations will consist of multiple choice questions, true/false statements, matching, short answer, and/or problem solving questions.

10%E.Attendance and Participation: CO: ALL

Refer to information under Policies.

3.Field Experience Requirements:

10% A. Teacher Interviews CO: 1, 2, 5, 14, 
Each candidate will interview two different grade level teachers of his/her choice who are currently teaching (preferably a teacher in K-2 and a teacher in 3-5for ECE majors; and 4-5 and 6-8 for MG majors).The purpose of the interviews is to find out how classroom teachers form perceptions and expectations about their students in the first few days of school and informally throughout the school year as well as how he/she evaluates student progress and assigns grades.What is it that teachers need to know at the outset of instruction?What clues do teachers use to Òsize upÓ students?Obtain a list of all the different types of assessments that are used throughout the year and the purpose of each.Include informal and formal, formative and summative assessments.Interview results, including all questions asked and answers given, should be submitted in a written report.What are some of the problems that affect the quality of assessments?Interview results and conclusions will be shared in class.
10%B.Classroom Testing or Assessment Observation 1, 2, 5, 7, 11, 13, 14, & 15
Observe a grade level of your choice during a testing or assessment situation.After your observation type a 3-5 page reflective paper describing the testing situation.Include the following in your paper.

1.A description of the testing/assessment environment (lighting, temperature, seating arrangement, etc.).What was the overall atmosphere like?

2.A thorough description of the test or assessment (attach a copy if possible).

3.An analysis of preview time before administering the assessment.

4.An analysis of directions given (verbal/written, clear/unclear, simple/detailed, time allowed for questions).

5.An analysis of allowances for student diversity (consider learning styles and multiple intelligences).

6.A description of any management techniques used to keep children on task and to facilitate use of time.

7.Your reaction to the assessment, including any changes you would make.Explain why you would make those changes.If you would not make any changes, explain why not.

15%C.Chapter or Unit Test Critique1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 14, & 15

Obtain a fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth grade chapter or unit test from a social studies or science text.Analyze the test according to the guidelines for test construction in Measurement and Assessment in Teaching.If you were to give the test to a group of students, would you make any changes based on your analysis?Why or why not?What changes would you make?Attach a copy of the test to you analysis.

XI.GRADING

In addition to the criteria listed under ÒCourse Policies and Procedures,Ó grading will be determined using the weights listed above and the following scale: 

WORK MEETS STANDARD OF EXCELLENCE

9899100A+ 4.0Exemplary

94959697A4.0Outstanding

919293A-3.7Excellent

vCompletes assignment conscientiously and thoroughly, going well beyond basic requirements.The objective(s) outlined in the task description are fully addressed.

vDiscussion demonstrates a thorough understanding of the concepts, principles, and generalizations specific to the task.Originality of thought and creativity are exemplified at a scholarly level.

vDescriptions and reflections are rich with depth, breadth, clarity, and accuracy.

vWritten and oral communication: Error free grammatically with very minimal proofreading and correction required.Presented in a very professional manner.

WORK EXCEEDS ACCEPTABLE STANDARD

888990B+3.3Very Good

84858687B3.0Good

818283B-2.7Effective

vCompletes assignment very well, going beyond basic requirements.The objective(s) outlined on the task description are effectively addressed.

vDiscussion demonstrates an adequate understanding of the concepts, principles, and generalizations specific to the task.Originality of thought and creativity are exhibited at a scholarly level.

vDescriptions and reflections are good with moderate depth, breadth, clarity, and accuracy.

vWritten and oral communication:Close to error free grammatically.May require minimal proofreading and correction.Presented in a professional manner.

WORK MEETS ACCEPTABLE STANDARD

787980C+2.3Satisfactory

74757677C2.0Fair

717273C-1.7Needs Improvement

vCompletes assignment but indicative of weak preparation, meeting basic requirements of the objective(s) outlined in the task description.

vDiscussion displays a vague understanding of the concepts, principles, and generalizations specific to the task with some conflicting and/or confusing statements.Originality of thought and creativity are limited.

vDescriptions and reflections are satisfactory with little depth, breadth, clarity, and/or accuracy.

vWritten and oral communication:Requires a fair amount of proofreading due to repeated errors and correction of grammatical mistakes.Presented in a minimal professional manner.

WORK DOES NOT MEET ACCEPTABLE STANDARD

686970D+1.3Poor

64656667D1.0Poor

616263D-0.7Poor

60 and belowF0.0Not Acceptable

vDoes not complete assignment, little attention given to basic requirements.The objective(s) outlined in the task description are not met.

vDiscussion displays severe misconceptions about the concepts, principles, and generalizations specific to the task.Originality of thought and creativity are lacking.

vDescriptions and reflections are weak, lacking depth, breadth, clarity, and/or accuracy.

vWritten and oral communication:Work contains repeated errors and omits important details.Work does not show proofreading or correction of grammatical mistakes.Lacks professional presentation.

Note:If a candidate receives a grade below a C on an assignment (excluding midterm and final) he or she may resubmit the work and receive up to 10 points added to the original grade.The number of points added will depend on the quality of the resubmitted work.Additionally, the work must be resubmitted by the next class meeting. 

XII. TENTATIVE SCHEDULE:

DateTopics and Assignments

THE MEASUREMENT AND ASSESSMENT PROCESS
Aug. 24Administrative Issues; Overview of the Course; Context, Issues, and Trends in Educational Testing and Assessment; The Role of Measurement and Assessment in Teaching
Read Ch. 1, pp. 1-25; Ch. 2, pp. 29-48; and Ch. 3, pp. 51-71.
Aug. 31Instructional Goals and Objectives; Validity; 

Read Ch. 4, pp.73-104; Ch. 5, pp. 107-136; and Ch. 6, pp.139-167.

CLASSROOM TESTS AND ASSESSMENTS

Sept. 7TEACHER INTERVIEWS DUE

Reliability and Other Desired Characteristics; Planning Classroom Tests and Assessments 

Read Ch. 7, pp. 169-191; and Ch. 8, pp. 193-215. 

Sept. 14Constructing Objective Tests: Simple Forms and Multiple Choice Forms; 

MIDTERM EXAMINATION (Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, & 8)

Read Ch. 9, pp. 217-232; Ch. 10, pp. 235-257; & Ch. 11, pp. 259-287 

Sept. 21CLASSROOM TESTING OR ASSESSMENT OBSERVATION DUE

Measuring Complex Achievement: Interpretive Exercises, Essay Questions, and 

Performance-Based Assessment 

Read Ch. 12, pp. 289-312; Ch. 13, pp.315-343; Ch. 14, pp.345-375. 

 

SELECTING AND USING PUBLISHED TESTS

Sept. 28LESSON PLANS DUE
Portfolios; Observational Techniques; Peer Appraisal; Self Report; Assembling, Administering, and Appraising Classroom Tests and Assessments
Read Ch. 15, pp. 377- 403 .Ch. 16, pp. 405-428 and Ch. 17, pp. 429-450.

Oct. 5CHAPTER OR UNIT TEST CRITIQUE DUE

Last journal submission

Grading and Reporting; Achievement Tests; Aptitude Tests

Read Ch. 18, pp. 453-473 and Ch. 19, pp. 475-504.

Oct. 12FINAL EXAMINATION (Chapters 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, & 17)

RESOURCE FILE DUE

Test Selection, Administration, and Use; Interpreting Test Scores and Norms

Course Evaluation (Practice exercises in class)

NOTE:The reflective journals will be submitted and assessed weekly.

XIII.RESOURCES:

1.Bibliography

Allen, D. (Ed.).(1998).Assessing student learning:From grading to understanding.New 

York:Teachers College Press.

Baron, M. A., & Boschee, F.(1995).Authentic assessment:The key to unlocking student 

success.Lancaster, PA:Technomic.

Batzle, J.(1992).Portfolio assessment and evaluation:Developing and using portfolios in 

the K-6 classroom.Cypress, CA:Creative Teaching Press.

Belanoff, P. & Dickinson, M. (Eds.).(1991).Portfolios:Process and product.Portsmouth, NH:Boynton/Cook.

Bridges, L.(1995).Assessment:Continuous learning.York, ME:Stenhouse.

Clemmons, J., Laase, L., Cooper, D., Areglalo, N., & Dill, M.(1993).Portfolios in the classroom:A teacherÕs sourcebook. New York:Scholastic.

Drummond, M. J.(1994).Learning to see:Assessment through observation.York, ME:Stenhouse.

Fiderer, A.(1995).Practical assessments for literature-based reading classrooms.New York:Scholastic.

Freedman, R. L. H.(1993).Open-ended questioning.New York:Addison Wesley.

Haladyna, T. M.(1997).Writing test items to evaluate higher order thinking.Boston:Allyn Bacon.

Hein, G. E., & Price, S.(1994).Active assessment for active science:A guide for elementary school teachers.Portsmouth, NH:Heinemann.

Jasmine, J.(1995).Portfolio planner:A step-by-step guide to portfolio assessment.Huntington Beach, CA:Teacher Created Materials.

Kohn, A.(1993).Punished by rewards.New York:Houghton Mifflin.

Lazear, D. G.(1994).Multiple intelligence approaches to assessment:Solving the assessment conundrum. Tuscon, AZ:Zephyr Press.

Leslie (1997).Authentic literary assessment.New York:Longman.

McMillan, J. H.(1997).Classroom assessment:Principles and practice for effective instruction.Boston:Allyn and Bacon.

McAfee, O., & Leong, D. J.(1996).Assessing and guiding young childrenÕs development and learning (2nd ed.).Boston:Allyn & Bacon.

Marzano, R., Pickering, D., & McTighe, J.(1993).Performance assessments using the dimensions of learning.Alexandria, VA:Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

Paul, R.(1995).Critical thinking: How to prepare students for a rapidly changing world.Santa Rose, CA:Center for Critical Thinking and Moral Reform.

Perrone, V.(1991).Expanding student assessment.Alexandria, VA:Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

Popp, M. S.(1997).Learning journals in the K-8 classroom: Exploring ideas and information in the content areas.Mahwah, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum.

Rhodes, L. K.(1993).Literacy assessment: A handbook of instruments.Portsmouth, NH:Heinemann.

Rhodes, L. K., & Shanklin, N.(1993).Windows into literacy: Assessing learners K-8.Portsmouth, NH:Heinemann.

Routman, R.(1991).Invitations: Changing as teachers and learners K-12.Portsmouth, NH:Heinemann.

Shaklee, B. D., Barbour, N. E., Ambrose, R., & Hansford, S. J.(1997).Designing and using portfolios.Boston:Allyn and Bacon.

Shearer, C. B.(1996).The MIDAS: A guide to assessment and evaluation for multiple intelligences.Columbus, OH:Greyden Press.

Stiggins, R. J. (2001).Student-involved classroom assessment.Upper Saddle River, NJ:Prentice Hall.

Strickland, K., & Strickland, J.(1998).Reflections on assessment:Its purposes, methods, and effects on learning.Portsmouth, NH:Heinemann.

Wiggins, G.(1993).Assessing student performance.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.

Wiggins, G.(1998).Educative assessment.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.

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Also, the December 1996/January 1997 issue of Educational Leadership is on assessment - ÒTeaching for Authentic Student Performance.ÓThe March 1999 issue focuses on ÒUsing Standards & Assessments.

Several articles in the December 1996 Phi Delta Kappan relate to assessment.

Numerous other journal articles will be discussed in class.


 

2.Websites

Includes information for links to educational websites, praxis, QCC objectives and Standards.